Key messages • Nucleoplasty may greatly reduce neck/arm pain caused by a herniated disk, but may have little to no effect on neck function or quality of life compared to conserv ...

Decongestant or antihistamine medicines are sometimes given to children with acute middle ear infection (acute otitis media). It is unclear whether decongestants or antihistamines are effective ...

whether human stem cells (i.e. special types of cells that can renew themselves and develop into many different cell types in the body) are beneficial in reducing death in people with decompensated ...

• conservative treatment, which includes lifestyle changes (such as weight loss) and exercises such as pelvic floor muscle training to improve bladder control; • medications, which calm the bladder ...

Larger studies are needed to provide more meaningful results. The present evidence supports the use of cyproterone acetate or spironolactone ideally combined with ethinylestradiol as the best ...

Medicines like nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; such as gums, patches), varenicline, bupropion, and cytisine, which help people to stop smoking, could also be used to stop vaping. Behavioural ...

Plain language summaries are summaries of the health evidence that Cochrane produces, written in a way that everyone can understand. At Cochrane, we write systematic reviews of research into human ...

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