A laser is usually constructed from two basic elements: a material that provides optical gain through stimulated emission and an optical cavity that partially traps the light. When the total gain in ...

Melissa Horton is a financial literacy professional. She has 10+ years of experience in the financial services and planning industry. Robert Kelly is managing director of XTS Energy LLC, and has more ...

Physics is the search for and application of rules that can help us understand and predict the world around us. Central to physics are ideas such as energy, mass, particles and waves. Physics attempts ...